Biofilms en catéteres venosos centrales para nutrición parenteral con o sin terapia intravenosa - Hospital Nivel IV
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Date
2022
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Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón
Abstract
La colonización bacteriana de dispositivos y en especial de puntas de catéter venoso central (CVC) tienen impacto sobre la morbimortalidad, altos costos
asociados y prolongadas estancias hospitalarias. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el comportamiento biológico de la formación de biofilms en catéteres
venosos centrales para nutrición parenteral total (NPT) con o sin terapia intravenosa. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, prospectivo, observacional y no aleatorio. La población la constituyeron las 54 puntas de catéter venoso central de los servicios de medicina, cirugía y unidades de cuidados intensivos generales durante un periodo de 21 meses y 20 días, se utilizó las técnicas de Maki (TM) y microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM). Se encontraron 18/54 positivos con la TM y 54/54 positivos con el SEM en las mismas muestras. La TM tuvo 36/54 (66.66%) falsos negativos. De 24 CVC empleados para terapia intravenosa (no incluye NPT), 16 CVC dieron cultivo negativo, 6 CVC con cultivo positivo y 2 CVC sin resultado. De los CVC empleados para NPT 4 dieron resultado negativo, 2 dieron resultado positivo y 28 sin resultado, con la TM respectivamente. El análisis con SEM evidenció presencia bacteriana, biofilms concomitantes, en la superficie intraluminal de todos los catéteres estudiados. La prevalencia de colonización bacteriana de puntas de CVC se evidenció en más de la mitad de las puntas de catéter usando la TM, pero con Microscopia electrónica de barrido, se constató la presencia de biofilms en la totalidad de las superficies internas de los catéteres estudiados.
The bacterial colonization of devices and especially central venous catheter (CVC) tips has an impact on morbidity and mortality, high associated costs, and prolonged hospital stay. The aim was to determine the biological behavior of biofilm formation in central venous catheters for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with or without intravenous therapy. Descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective, non-random observational case study. The study population was 54 central venous catheter tips from medicine, surgery, general intensive care unit wards for 21 months and 20 days, with the Maki technique (MT) and scanning electron microscopy techniques (SEM). 18/54 were found positive with the MT and 54/54 positive from the same samples with the SEM. The MT had 36/54 (66.66%) false negative. Of 24 CVCs used for intravenous therapy (not including TPN), 16 CVCs were culture-negative, 6 CVCs were culture-positive, and 2 CVCs were culturenegative. Of the CVCs employed for TPN, 4 had a negative result, 2 had a positive result, and 28 had no result with TM. The analysis with the SEM shows the bacterial presence of biofilms on the intraluminal surface of all the catheters studied. The prevalence of bacterial colonization of CVC tips has been evidenced in more than half of the catheter tips using TM, but the biofilm formation was demonstrated in all the catheters studied by scanning electron microscopy.
The bacterial colonization of devices and especially central venous catheter (CVC) tips has an impact on morbidity and mortality, high associated costs, and prolonged hospital stay. The aim was to determine the biological behavior of biofilm formation in central venous catheters for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with or without intravenous therapy. Descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective, non-random observational case study. The study population was 54 central venous catheter tips from medicine, surgery, general intensive care unit wards for 21 months and 20 days, with the Maki technique (MT) and scanning electron microscopy techniques (SEM). 18/54 were found positive with the MT and 54/54 positive from the same samples with the SEM. The MT had 36/54 (66.66%) false negative. Of 24 CVCs used for intravenous therapy (not including TPN), 16 CVCs were culture-negative, 6 CVCs were culture-positive, and 2 CVCs were culturenegative. Of the CVCs employed for TPN, 4 had a negative result, 2 had a positive result, and 28 had no result with TM. The analysis with the SEM shows the bacterial presence of biofilms on the intraluminal surface of all the catheters studied. The prevalence of bacterial colonization of CVC tips has been evidenced in more than half of the catheter tips using TM, but the biofilm formation was demonstrated in all the catheters studied by scanning electron microscopy.
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Keywords
Nutrición--Tesis, Biopelículas, Catéteres venosos centrales, Alimentación parenteral, Terapia intravenosa, Biofilms, Central venous catheters, Parenteral feeding, Intravenous therapy