Estrés en estudiantes de tercero a quinto grado de primaria de una institución educativa en Lima
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Date
2019
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Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón
Abstract
En la actualidad los niños en etapa escolar se encuentran expuestos a diferentes situaciones que les producen estrés. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo describir y comparar los niveles, componentes y ámbitos de estrés en 226 estudiantes de tercer, cuarto y quinto grado de primaria de una institución educativa particular y mixta del distrito de San Miguel. Se planteó una investigación de tipo descriptivo y comparativo con un diseño no experimental. Para ello, se utilizó la Escala de Estrés Cotidiano Infantil (EECI) con adaptación en Lima Metropolitana (Flores, 2017). El análisis de datos se realizó mediante el uso de las tablas de frecuencia y porcentajes, los estadígrafos de media aritmética y desviación estándar así como la prueba de Kruskal – Wallis (Prueba K) para la comparación de datos. Los resultados muestran que, si bien los datos no son significativos, los niveles de estrés se presentan, como mayor porcentaje, en el nivel Alto, contando con los valores de 38.7%, 38.5% y 32.4%, respectivamente y evidenciándose que a mayor grado de escolaridad, menor nivel alto de estrés. En cuanto a los componentes de estrés, sobresale el cognitivo en los tres grados de escolaridad; y respecto a los ámbitos de estrés, destaca el académico en tercero y cuarto grado; y en quinto grado el social.
Currently, children in school education are exposed to different situations that cause them stress. The present study aims to describe and compare the levels, components and spheres of stress in 226 students in third, fourth and fifth grade of primary school of a particular and mixed educational institution in the district of San Miguel. It was planned to develop a type of descriptive and comparative research, with a non-experimental design. To do this, the Children's Daily Stress Scale was used, adapted in Metropolitan Lima (Flores, 2017). The data analysis was done using the frequency and percentage tables, the statistics of arithmetic mean and standard deviation and the Kruskal - Wallis test (Test K) for data comparison. The results show that, although the data is not significant, the stress levels are presented, as a higher percentage, at the High level, with the values of 38.7%, 38.5% and 32.4%, respectively and evidencing that, the higher level of education, the lower level of stress. In terms of stress components, the cognitive one stands out in the three grades of schooling; and regarding the spheres of stress, highlights the academic in third and fourth grade; and in fifth grade the social.
Currently, children in school education are exposed to different situations that cause them stress. The present study aims to describe and compare the levels, components and spheres of stress in 226 students in third, fourth and fifth grade of primary school of a particular and mixed educational institution in the district of San Miguel. It was planned to develop a type of descriptive and comparative research, with a non-experimental design. To do this, the Children's Daily Stress Scale was used, adapted in Metropolitan Lima (Flores, 2017). The data analysis was done using the frequency and percentage tables, the statistics of arithmetic mean and standard deviation and the Kruskal - Wallis test (Test K) for data comparison. The results show that, although the data is not significant, the stress levels are presented, as a higher percentage, at the High level, with the values of 38.7%, 38.5% and 32.4%, respectively and evidencing that, the higher level of education, the lower level of stress. In terms of stress components, the cognitive one stands out in the three grades of schooling; and regarding the spheres of stress, highlights the academic in third and fourth grade; and in fifth grade the social.
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Keywords
Estrés mental, Estudiante de primaria, Psicología--Tesis