Calidad de la dieta y su relación con los factores de riesgos cardiovasculares en sujetos adultos
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Date
2020
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Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón
Abstract
La calidad de la dieta es un indicador importante en la reducción del riesgo cardiovascular. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la relación que existe entre la calidad de la dieta y el desarrollo de factores de riesgos cardiovasculares, en sujetos adultos de ambos sexos atendidos en el Centro Médico Parroquial. Fue un estudio descriptivo, de tipo transversal, en una muestra de 112 sujetos entre 18 y 64 años, que se evaluó el estado nutricional, se determinó los factores de riesgos cardiovascular y se estimó la calidad de la dieta. Se planteó la siguiente hipótesis: la calidad de la dieta que consumen los sujetos del estudio está relacionada con factores de riesgos cardiovasculares. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: con la prueba de chi cuadrada se comprobó que existe una relación altamente significativa entre la calidad de la dieta y los factores de riesgos cardiovasculares (P<0.05); y según la edad, no fue significativo para los hombres (P<0.186) y si para las mujeres (P<0.01); en cuanto al IMC y perímetro de cintura fueron significativos (P<0.001). Para la glicemia en ayunas(P<0.038), el alcoholismo (P<0.046) y actividad física (P<0.004) fueron significativos, mientras que para la presión arterial y el tabaquismo fueron altamente significativa (P<0.000). Conclusión: cuando la calidad de la dieta es completa se puede reducir los riesgos cardiovasculares principalmente cuando el individuo presenta obesidad y alteraciones en estos indicadores.
The quality of the diet is an important indicator in reducing cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to verify the relationship between the quality of the diet and the development of cardiovascular risk factors in adult subjects of both sexes attended at the Parish Medical Center. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study in a sample of 112 subjects between 18 and 65 years of age, whose nutritional status was evaluated, cardiovascular risk factors were determined, and diet quality was estimated. The following hypothesis was raised: The quality of the diet consumed by the study subjects is related to cardiovascular risk factors. The results were the following: With the chi-square test, it was found that there is a highly significant relationship between the quality of the diet and the cardiovascular risk factors (P <0.05); and according to age, it was not significant for men (P <0.186) and if for women (P <0.01); regarding BMI and waist circumference were significant (P <0.001). For fasting blood glucose (P <0.038), alcoholism (P <0.046) and physical activity (P <0.004) were significant, while for blood pressure and smoking they were highly significant (P <0.000). Conclusion: When the quality of the diet is complete, cardiovascular risks can be reduced mainly when the individual has obesity and changes in these indicators.
The quality of the diet is an important indicator in reducing cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to verify the relationship between the quality of the diet and the development of cardiovascular risk factors in adult subjects of both sexes attended at the Parish Medical Center. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study in a sample of 112 subjects between 18 and 65 years of age, whose nutritional status was evaluated, cardiovascular risk factors were determined, and diet quality was estimated. The following hypothesis was raised: The quality of the diet consumed by the study subjects is related to cardiovascular risk factors. The results were the following: With the chi-square test, it was found that there is a highly significant relationship between the quality of the diet and the cardiovascular risk factors (P <0.05); and according to age, it was not significant for men (P <0.186) and if for women (P <0.01); regarding BMI and waist circumference were significant (P <0.001). For fasting blood glucose (P <0.038), alcoholism (P <0.046) and physical activity (P <0.004) were significant, while for blood pressure and smoking they were highly significant (P <0.000). Conclusion: When the quality of the diet is complete, cardiovascular risks can be reduced mainly when the individual has obesity and changes in these indicators.
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Keywords
Dieta, Factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardíaca, Adulto, Nutrición--Tesis