Aprendizaje basado en problemas y producción de textos en estudiantes de primer año de secundaria
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Date
2023
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Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón
Abstract
Usando un diseño cuasi-experimental pre test post test con grupo de control para comprobar mejoras en el aprendizaje, 22 estudiantes de 1° de secundaria (13 años de edad) del colegio de Aplicación de San Marcos desarrollaron una unidad de aprendizaje de la competencia producción de textos, en las dimensiones planificación, textualización y revisión, bajo la metodología activa Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP); además, 22 estudiantes, que desarrollaron la misma unidad utilizando la metodología tradicional, sirvieron de grupo de comparación o control. Se diseñó un instrumento para evaluar las dimensiones de la competencia producción de textos, el instrumento y la rúbrica de calificación de este fueron validados tanto por el método de jueces como por el método de correlación ítem-test. El mismo instrumento fue aplicado al inicio y al final de la unidad. Se diseñó un programa para el desarrollo de la unidad basado en el ABP, el cual también fue sometido también a validación por el método de jueces. Los grupos iniciaron el estudio sin diferencias significativas, y en las comparaciones de post-test, se identificaron puntajes significativamente superiores en el grupo experimental respecto del control: planificación (p<.05), textualización (p<.001), revisión (p<.01), y en la competencia producción de textos (p<.001). Se concluye que el método ABP mejora el aprendizaje de la unidad de la competencia producción de textos de los estudiantes comparada con el uso de un método tradicional. Se observó adicionalmente en los estudiantes participantes una tendencia al autoaprendizaje y el trabajo colaborativo.
Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest-posttest design with a control group to test improvements in learning, 22 high school students (13 years old) from the San Marcos School of Application developed a learning unit of the text production competence, in the dimensions of planning, textualization and revision, under the active methodology Problem Based Learning (PBL); in addition, 22 students, who developed the same unit using the traditional methodology, served as a comparison or control group. An instrument was designed to evaluate the dimensions of text production competence; the instrument and its scoring rubric were validated both by the judges' method and by the item-test correlation method. The same instrument was applied at the beginning and end of the unit. A program was designed for the development of the unit based on PBL, which was also subjected to validation by the judges' method. The groups started the study without significant differences, and in the post-test comparisons, significantly higher scores were identified in the experimental group with respect to the control: planning (p<.05), textualization (p<.001), revision (p<.01), and in text production competence (p<.001). It is concluded that the PBL method improves students' learning of the text production competency unit compared to the use of a traditional method. Additionally, a tendency to self-learning and collaborative work was observed in the participating students.
Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest-posttest design with a control group to test improvements in learning, 22 high school students (13 years old) from the San Marcos School of Application developed a learning unit of the text production competence, in the dimensions of planning, textualization and revision, under the active methodology Problem Based Learning (PBL); in addition, 22 students, who developed the same unit using the traditional methodology, served as a comparison or control group. An instrument was designed to evaluate the dimensions of text production competence; the instrument and its scoring rubric were validated both by the judges' method and by the item-test correlation method. The same instrument was applied at the beginning and end of the unit. A program was designed for the development of the unit based on PBL, which was also subjected to validation by the judges' method. The groups started the study without significant differences, and in the post-test comparisons, significantly higher scores were identified in the experimental group with respect to the control: planning (p<.05), textualization (p<.001), revision (p<.01), and in text production competence (p<.001). It is concluded that the PBL method improves students' learning of the text production competency unit compared to the use of a traditional method. Additionally, a tendency to self-learning and collaborative work was observed in the participating students.
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Keywords
Educación--Tesis, Aprendizaje basado en problemas, Medios impresos, Problem-based learning, Print media