Actividad física, uso del tiempo libre y estado nutricional en adolescentes de dos Instituciones Públicas
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Date
2020
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazón
Abstract
En la actualidad el sobrepeso y la obesidad, se ha ido incrementando considerablemente en niños y adolescentes, debido al desarrollo económico, social y tecnológico. Estos cambios no solo afectan a la salud en el presente, sino que también determinan el riesgo de contraer en el futuro enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Asimismo, los adolescentes son cada vez más vulnerables al sedentarismo, debido a la falta de actividad física, el deficiente compromiso social y el poco interés de la familia. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre el estado nutricional, nivel de actividad física y uso del tiempo libre de los adolescentes de 3ero a 5to de secundaria que acuden a Instituciones Educativas Públicas de Villa María del Triunfo y Santiago de Surco. Metodología y materiales, el estúdio fue correlacional de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal longitudinal en 381 adolescentes de las II.EE José María Arguedas y 7054 Villa María del Triunfo. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios IPAQ-Adolescents y el Cuestionario de Uso del Tiempo Libre. Resultados: Más del 70% de los adolescentes de ambas II.EE presentaron un estado nutricional de normalidad, el 18.9% presentó un estado nutricional por exceso, y el 7.1% un estado nutricional por déficit, así mismo tuvieron un nivel de actividad física de intensidad moderada, esto se debe a que frecuentemente realizan prácticas deportivas dentro y fuera de la Institución, como también el concurso de festidanzas que tuvieron en ambas Instituciones Educativas. Y más del 50% de los adolescentes dedican su tiempo libre más de tres horas al día, a la actividad de mayor preferencia. Conclusiones: Las tres variables de estudio: como estado nutricional, nivel de actividad física y uso del tiempo libre tienen relación significativa (p<0.05).
Currently overweight and obesity has been increasing considerably in children and adolescents, due to economic, social and technological development. These changes not only affect health in the present, but also determine the risk of contracting chronic non-communicable diseases in the future. Likewise, adolescents are increasingly vulnerable to sedentary lifestyle, due to lack of physical activity, poor social commitment and little family interest. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the nutritional status, level of physical activity and use of free time of adolescents from 3rd to 5th grade of secondary school who attend Public Educational Institutions of Villa María del Triunfo and Santiago de Surco. Methodology and materials, the study was non-experimental correlational design, longitudinal cross section in 381 adolescents from the II.EE José María Arguedas and 7054 Villa María del Triunfo. The IPAQ-Adolescents questionnaires and the Free Time Use Questionnaire were applied. Results: More than 70% of the adolescents of both II.EE presented a nutritional state of normality, 18.9% presented a nutritional state due to excess, and 7.1% a nutritional state due to deficit, as well as having a moderate intensity level of physical activity This is due to the fact that they frequently carry out sports practices inside and outside the Institution, as well as the festivals they held in both Educational Institutions. And more than 50% of adolescents dedicate their free time more than three hours a day, to the most preferred activity. Conclusions: The three study variables: as nutritional status, level of physical activity and use of free time have a significant relationship (pv <0.05).
Currently overweight and obesity has been increasing considerably in children and adolescents, due to economic, social and technological development. These changes not only affect health in the present, but also determine the risk of contracting chronic non-communicable diseases in the future. Likewise, adolescents are increasingly vulnerable to sedentary lifestyle, due to lack of physical activity, poor social commitment and little family interest. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the nutritional status, level of physical activity and use of free time of adolescents from 3rd to 5th grade of secondary school who attend Public Educational Institutions of Villa María del Triunfo and Santiago de Surco. Methodology and materials, the study was non-experimental correlational design, longitudinal cross section in 381 adolescents from the II.EE José María Arguedas and 7054 Villa María del Triunfo. The IPAQ-Adolescents questionnaires and the Free Time Use Questionnaire were applied. Results: More than 70% of the adolescents of both II.EE presented a nutritional state of normality, 18.9% presented a nutritional state due to excess, and 7.1% a nutritional state due to deficit, as well as having a moderate intensity level of physical activity This is due to the fact that they frequently carry out sports practices inside and outside the Institution, as well as the festivals they held in both Educational Institutions. And more than 50% of adolescents dedicate their free time more than three hours a day, to the most preferred activity. Conclusions: The three study variables: as nutritional status, level of physical activity and use of free time have a significant relationship (pv <0.05).
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Keywords
Ejercicio físico, Actividad de tiempo libre, Estado nutricional, Nutrición--Tesis